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N-Isopropylhydroxylamine CAS: 5080-22-8
He wai kore tae te N-Isopropylhydroxylamine, he kakara haukini kaha.
- Ka wairewa i roto i te wai me te nuinga o ngā whakarewa waro, engari kāore e wairewa i roto i ngā whakarewa kore-porowhita.
- He nucleophile tēnei e whai tauhohenga tāpiritanga ana ki ngā pūhui pērā i ngā esters, aldehydes, me ngā ketones.
whakamahi:
- Ko te N-Isopropylhydroxylamine te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā tauhohenga hanga rauropi, inā koa hei matū whakauru.
- Ka taea te whakamahi hei hanga i ngā hua amination o ngā aldehydes, ketones, me ngā esters, me te whai wāhi atu ki ētahi tauhohenga cyclization.
- Ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei matū whakaiti hei mahi i ngā tauhohenga whakaiti i roto i te hanganga matū waro.
Tikanga whakarite:
- Ko te tikanga whakarite noa mō te N-isopropylhydroxylamine ko te mahi i te tauhohenga amidation ki runga i te waipiro isopropyl hei whiwhi i te N-isopropylisopropylamide, kātahi ka whakamahia te hau haukini hei mahi ki runga hei whakaputa i te N-isopropylhydroxylamine.
Ngā Mōhiohio Haumarutanga:
- He matū waikura te N-Isopropylhydroxylamine ka pā te riri me te wera ina pā ki te kiri me ngā kanohi.
- Mauria he karapu tiaki, he mōhiti kanohi me ētahi atu taputapu tiaki whaiaro i te wā e whakamahi ana.
- Whakamahia ki tētahi wāhi e pai ana te hau, ā, kaua e hongihia ōna kohu.
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2,6-Dimethylaniline CAS 87-62-7
He wai kōwhai paku te 2,6-Dimethylaniline, ko tōna matotorutanga he 0.973. Kāore e wairewa i roto i te wai, e wairewa ana i roto i te waipiro, te ether, ā, e wairewa ana i roto i te waikawa hauwaiora.
Ko ngā huarahi hanga o te 2,6-dimethylaniline ko te tikanga 2,6-dimethylphenol aminolysis, te tikanga o te o-methylaniline alkylation, te tikanga aniline methylation, te tikanga m-xylene disulfonation nitration me te tikanga m-xylene disulfonation. Te tikanga whakaiti toluene nitration, me ētahi atu.
He takawaenga nui tēnei hua mō te hanga patu pepeke me ngā rongoā, ā, ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei rauemi mata mō ngā hua matū pēnei i ngā tae. Ka mura i te mura tuwhera; ka tauhohe ki ngā waikura; ka memeha te paoa hauota waikura paitini i te wera nui.
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2,4-Dimethyl aniline CAS 95-68-1
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2,4-Dimethyl aniline CAS 95-68-1
He wai hinuhinu, kāore he tae. Ka hohonu ake te tae i roto i te mārama me te hau. He wairewa paku ki te wai, ka wairewa ki te etanoru, te etera, te penehene me ngā otinga waikawa.
Ka whiwhihia te 2,4-Dimethylaniline mā te nitration o te m-xylene hei whiwhi i te 2,4-dimethylnitrobenzene me te 2,6-dimethylnitrobenzene. Whai muri i te whakahoro, ka whiwhihia te 2,4-dimethylnitrobenzene. Ka whiwhihia te hua mā te catalytic hydrogenation whakaiti i te benzene. Ka whakamahia hei takawaenga mō ngā patu pepeke, ngā rongoā me ngā tae. Ka taea te tahu i roto i ngā mura tuwhera; ka mahi tahi me ngā oxidants; ka memeha te paoa hauota waikura paitini me te wera nui. I te wā e rongoa ana me te kawe, me whakapūhaumātao te whare putunga me te maroke i te pāmahana iti; rongoa motuhake mai i ngā waikawa, ngā oxidants, me ngā tāpiringa kai.
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1-(Dimethylamino)tetradecane CAS 112-75-4
1-(Dimethylamino)tetradecane CAS 112-75-4
He wai mārama te āhua. Kāore e wairewa i te wai, ā, he iti ake te matotoru i te wai. Nō reira ka mānu i runga i te wai. Ka pā pea te kiri, ngā kanohi me ngā kiriuhi mucous. Tērā pea ka paitini ina horomia, ina manawahia, ina mimitihia rānei e te kiri.
Whakamahia hei hanga i ētahi atu matū. Ā, ko te nuinga e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā mea tiaki, ngā tāpiri wahie, ngā patu huakita, ngā tango konganuku onge, ngā whakamarara tae, ngā kaihoko whakapūmau kohuke, ngā rauemi mata whakapaipai, me ētahi atu.
Ngā tikanga rokiroki: Puritia ki te wāhi matao, maroke, pōuriuri i roto i te ipu, i te rango rānei kua hiritia. Puritia kia matara atu i ngā rauemi kore e hototahi, ngā pūtake mura me ngā tāngata kāore i whakangungua. Tiakina, ā, tāpirihia he tapanga ki te wāhi. Tiakina ngā ipu/rango mai i ngā kino ā-tinana.
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Triethylamine CAS: 121-44-8
Ko te Triethylamine (tātai ngota: C6H15N), e mōhiotia ana ko N,N-diethylethylamine, ko te amine tuatoru homo-trisubstituted māmā rawa atu, ā, he rite tonu ōna āhuatanga ki ngā amine tuatoru, tae atu ki te hanganga tote, te waikura, me te amine triethyl. Kāore he urupare i roto i te whakamātautau (Hisbergreaction). Ka puta mai he wai mārama, he kowhai mārama, he kakara haukini kaha, ā, he paku paowa i te hau. He paku wairewa ki te wai, he wairewa ki te etanoru me te etera. He kawakore te wairewa wai. He paitini, he tino whakapataritari hoki.
Ka taea te whiwhi mā te tauhohe i te etanoru me te haukini i te aroaro o te hauwai i roto i tētahi tauhohenga kua whakauruhia ki tētahi whakakorikori parahi-nikara-uka i raro i ngā tikanga whakamahana (190±2°C me te 165±2°C). Ka puta hoki i te tauhohenga te monoethylamine me te diethylamine. I muri i te whakatōtō, ka rehuhia te hua ki te etanoru ka mimitihia kia puta ai te triethylamine mata. Hei whakamutunga, i muri i te wehenga, te whakamaroke me te wehewehenga, ka puta te triethylamine parakore.
Ka taea te whakamahi i te triethylamine hei whakarewa me te rauemi mata i roto i te umanga hanga matū waro, ā, ka whakamahia hoki i roto i te hanga rongoā, patupatu pepeke, aukati polymerization, wahie pūngao-nui, rapa, me ētahi atu.
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Chloroacetone CAS: 78-95-5
Chloroacetone CAS: 78-95-5
He wai kore tae tōna āhua, he kakara kino. Ka wairewa ki te wai, ka wairewa ki te etanoru, te etera me te kōroporuma. Ka whakamahia i roto i te hanga matū koiora hei hanga rongoā, patupatu pepeke, mea kakara me ngā tae, me ētahi atu.
He maha ngā tikanga hanga mō te chloroacetone. Ko te tikanga whakapūkara acetone tētahi tikanga nui e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanga ā-whare i tēnei wā. Ka whiwhihia te chloroacetone mā te whakapūkara i te acetone i te aroaro o te konupūmā kāponāte, he mea here waikawa. Tāpirihia te acetone me te konupūmā kāponāte ki roto i te tauhohenga kia rite ki tētahi ōwehenga whāngai, whakaohokia kia hanga he paraoa, ka whakamahana kia huri. I muri i te whakamutu i te whakamahana, tukuna te hau chlorine mō te 3 ki te 4 hāora, ka tāpirihia he wai hei whakarewa i te konupūmā kōhatu i hangaia. Ka kohia te paparanga hinu, kātahi ka horoia, ka whakamaroketia, ka whakapūkara kia whiwhi ai i te hua chloroacetone.
Ngā āhuatanga rokiroki me te kawe o te chloroacetone
Ka whakapūhaumāotahia te whare putunga, ka whakamaroketia hoki i te pāmahana iti; ka tiakina mai i ngā mura ahi me ngā pāmahana tiketike, ā, ka rongoatia, ka haria motuhaketia mai i ngā rauemi mata kai me ngā matū waikura.
Ngā tikanga rokiroki: 2-8°C -
Propylene glycol CAS:57-55-6
Ko te ingoa pūtaiao o te propylene glycol ko "1,2-propanediol". He wai mātotoru te racemate, he reka paku kakara. Ka taea te whakaranu ki te wai, te acetone, te ethyl acetate me te chloroform, ā, ka wairewa ki te ether. Ka wairewa ki te maha o ngā hinu kakara, engari kāore e taea te whakaranu ki te petroleum ether, te paraffin me te hinu. He tino pumau ki te wera me te mārama, ā, he pumau ake i ngā pāmahana iti. Ka taea te whakakōkō i te propylene glycol ki te propionaldehyde, te waikawa lactic, te waikawa pyruvic me te waikawa acetic i ngā pāmahana teitei.
He diol te propylene glycol, ā, he rite ngā āhuatanga ki ngā waipiro whānui. Ka tauhohe ki ngā waikawa waro me ngā waikawa inorganic hei whakaputa monoesters, diesters rānei. Ka tauhohe ki te propylene oxide hei whakaputa ether. Ka tauhohe ki te hauwai halide hei whakaputa halohydrins. Ka tauhohe ki te acetaldehyde hei hanga methyldioxolane.
Hei kaihoko ārai mate huakita, he rite te propylene glycol ki te etanoru, ā, ko tōna whai huatanga ki te aukati i te harore he rite ki te glycerin, ā, he iti iho i te etanoru. He mea whakamahi noa te propylene glycol hei mea hanga kirihou i roto i ngā rauemi paninga kiriata wai. Ka taea e te ranunga o ngā wāhanga ōrite ki te wai te whakaroa i te waikura o ētahi rongoā, me te whakanui ake i te pumau o ngā whakaritenga.
He wai kore tae, matotoru, pumau hoki, he wai mimiti wai, tata kore reka, kore kakara. Ka taea te whakaranu ki te wai, te etanoru me ngā momo whakarewa waro. Whakamahia hei rauemi mata mō ngā kapia, ngā mea hanga kirihou, ngā mea horoi matū, ngā mea whakapūhui me ngā mea whakakore matū, tae atu ki ngā mea ārai huka me ngā mea kawe wera.
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Waikawa benzoic CAS:65-85-0
Ko te waikawa benzoic, e mōhiotia ana ko te waikawa benzoic, ko te tātai ngota o C6H5COOH. Koinei te waikawa kakara māmā rawa atu e hono tika ana te rōpū carboxyl ki te ngota waro o te mowhiti benzene. He matū i hangaia mā te whakakapi i te hauwai i runga i te mowhiti benzene ki te rōpū carboxyl (-COOH). He tioata kirikiri kore tae, kore kakara. Ko te ira rewa ko 122.13℃, ko te ira kohua ko 249℃, ā, ko te mātotoru whanaunga ko 1.2659 (15/4℃). Ka tere te whakatōtō i te 100°C, ā, he tino whakapataritari tōna kohu, ā, ka taea te maremare i muri i te manawa. He paku wairewa ki te wai, he ngāwari te wairewa ki ngā whakarewa waro pēnei i te etanoru, te etera, te chloroform, te benzene, te toluene, te waro disulfide, te waro tetrachloride me te paina. Kei te kitea whānuitia i roto i te taiao i te ahua o te waikawa kore utu, te ester, ngā mea rānei e pā ana ki a ia. Hei tauira, kei roto i te āhua o te waikawa kore utu me te benzyl ester i roto i te benzoin gum; kei roto i te āhua kore utu i roto i ngā rau me te kiri o ētahi tipu; kei roto i te kakara. Kei roto i te āhua o te methyl ester, o te benzyl ester rānei i roto i ngā hinu kakara; kei roto i te āhua o tōna waikawa hippuric i roto i te mimi hōiho. He waikawa ngoikore te waikawa benzoic, he kaha ake i ngā waikawa ngako. He rite tonu ngā āhuatanga matū o ēnei, ā, ka taea te hanga tote, esters, acid halides, amides, acid anhydrides, me ētahi atu, ā, kāore e ngāwari te waikura. Ka puta he tauhohenga whakakapinga hiko i runga i te mowhiti benzene o te waikawa benzoic, ka puta ai ngā hua meta-whakakapinga.
He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te waikawa benzoic hei rongoā, hei tiaki rānei. He pānga tōna ki te aukati i te tipu o ngā harore, ngā huakita, me te pokepokea ai. Ina whakamahia hei rongoā, ka whakamahia ki te kiri hei rongoā i ngā mate kiri pēnei i te kūtuku. Ka whakamahia i roto i ngā ahumahi muka hangai, ngā kapia, ngā paninga, te rapa, me te tupeka. I te tīmatanga, i hangaia te waikawa benzoic mā te whakapūkara i te kapia benzoin, te whakapūkara rānei i te pukapuka matū ki te wai kawakore. Ka taea hoki te whakaputa mā te whakapūkara i te waikawa hippuric. I roto i te ahumahi, ka hangaia te waikawa benzoic mā te whakapūkara hau o te toluene i te aroaro o ngā whakakorikori pēnei i te cobalt me te manganese; ka hangaia rānei mā te whakapūkara me te tango i te carboxylation o te phthalic anhydride. Ka taea te whakamahi i te waikawa benzoic me tōna tote konutai hei kaihoko patu huakita i roto i te rapa, te paraihe niho, te tiamu, me ētahi atu kai rānei, ā, ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei wai whakapūkara mō te tae me te tā. -
Ethyl N-acetyl-N-butyl-β-alaninate CAS:52304-36-6
He rongoā ārai pepeke whānui te BAAPE, he tino whai hua hoki, e ārai ana i ngā namu, ngā kutu, ngā pōpokorua, ngā waeroa, ngā pepeke iti, ngā namu pīrori, ngā puruhi papatahi, ngā puruhi onepu, ngā namu onepu, ngā kikada, me ētahi atu. He pānga ārai; ka roa te pānga ārai, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i roto i ngā āhuatanga āhuarangi rerekē. He pumau te matū i raro i ngā āhuatanga whakamahinga, ā, he tino pumau te pāmahana me te ātete werawera. He pai te hototahitanga o te BAAPE ki ngā mea whakapaipai me ngā rongoā e whakamahia whānuitia ana. Ka taea te hanga hei otinga, hei whakapūhui, hei hinu, hei paninga, hei kirikiri, hei aerosol, hei koiri namu, hei kāpūru iti me ētahi atu rongoā ārai motuhake, ā, ka taea hoki te tāpiri ki ētahi atu hua. I roto rānei i ngā rauemi (pēnei i te wai wharepaku, te wai ārai namu), kia whai pānga ārai.
He pai ngā painga o te BAAPE nā te mea kāore he pānga paitini ki te kiri me ngā kiriuhi mucous, kāore he mate pāwera, ā, kāore he urunga o te kiri.
Ngā Āhuatanga: He wai mārama, he kore tae, he kowhai mārama, he pai rawa atu hei ārai namu. Ki te whakatauritea ki te ārai namu paerewa (DEET, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko DEET), he iti ake te paitini, he iti ake te riri, ā, he roa ake te wā ārai. , he hua pai hei whakakapi mō ngā ārai namu paerewa.
Kāore i te tino whai hua te DEET (Baape) hei pei i ngā waeroa tuku iho. Heoi, ki te whakatauritea, he iti ake te whakapataritari o te DEET (IR3535), ā, kāore e uru ki te kiri.
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2-Methoxyethanol CAS 109-86-4
Ko te ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (e whakarāpopototia ana ko te MOE), e mōhiotia ana ko te ethylene glycol methyl ether, he wai mārama, kāore he tae, ka taea te whakaranu ki te wai, te waipiro, te waikawa acetic, te acetone me te DMF. Hei whakarewa nui, ka whakamahia whānuitia te MOE hei whakarewa mō ngā momo hinu, ngā acetate cellulose, ngā nitrates cellulose, ngā tae wairewa-waipiro me ngā kapia hangai.
Ka whiwhi mā te tauhohenga o te ethylene oxide me te methanol. Tāpirihia te methanol ki te matatini boron trifluoride ether, ka tukuna te ethylene oxide ki te 25-30°C me te whakaoho. Kia oti te whakawhiti, ka piki aunoa te pāmahana ki te 38-45°C. Ka rongoatia te otinga tauhohenga hua ki te potassium hydrocyanide - Whakakorehia te otinga methanol ki te pH=8-Chemicalbook9. Kohia te methanol, whakawetehia, ka kohia ngā wāhanga i mua i te 130°C kia whiwhi ai i te hua mata. Kātahi ka whakahaerehia te whakawete wāhanga, ka kohia te wāhanga 123-125°C hei hua oti. I roto i te whakaputanga ahumahi, ka tauhohehia te ethylene oxide me te methanol anhydrous ki te pāmahana me te pēhanga teitei me te kore he whakakorikori, ā, ka taea te whiwhi i tētahi hua hua nui.
Ka whakamahia tēnei hua hei whakarewa mō ngā momo hinu, lignin, nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, tae wairewa-waipiro me ngā kapia hangai; hei matū mō te whakatau i te rino, te whanariki me te waro disulfide, hei waimeha mō ngā paninga, me te cellophane. I roto i ngā hiri takai, ngā wanihi maroke tere me ngā enamel. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei kaihoko wero me te kaihoko whakataurite i roto i te umanga tae, hei kirihou me te whakamārama rānei. Hei takawaenga i roto i te hanga o ngā matū waro, ko te ethylene glycol monomethyl ether te nuinga e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanga o te acetate me te ethylene glycol dimethyl ether. He rauemi mata hoki mō te hanga o te bis(2-methoxyethyl)phthalate plasticizer. Ko te ranunga o te ethylene glycol monomethyl ether me te glycerin (ether: glycerin = 98:2) he tāpiri wahie rererangi hōia ka taea te ārai i te hukapapa me te waikura huakita. Ina whakamahia te ethylene glycol monomethyl ether hei kaihoko whakakore rahi wahie rererangi, ko te nui o te tāpiri whānui he 0.15% ± 0.05%. He pai tōna āhua wai-whakaaro. Ka whakamahia e ia tōna ake rōpū hydroxyl i roto i te wahie hei taunekeneke me ngā iti noa o ngā ngota wai i roto i te hinu. Mā te hanganga o te hononga hauwai, me tōna ira tio tino iti, ka whakaiti i te ira tio o te wai i roto i te hinu, ka taea ai e te wai te whakapūpū hei hukapapa. He tāpiringa ārai-pūtaiao hoki te ethylene glycol monomethyl ether.
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1,4-Pūtanediol diglycidyl ether CAS 2425-79-8
Ko te 1,4-Butanediol glycidyl ether, e mōhiotia ana ko te 1,4-butanediol dialkyl ether, BDG rānei, he matū waro. He wai kore tae ki te kōwhai mārama, he iti te piki me te heke. Ka wairewa i roto i te nuinga o ngā whakarewa waro pērā i te etanoru, te methanol me te dimethylformamide. He mea whakamahi noa hei rauemi mata matū me ngā whakarewa. Ka whakamahia hoki hei whakaū mō ngā tae me ngā tae.
Ka taea te whakaputa i te 1,4-Butanediol glycidyl ether mā te whakaesterification o te 1,4-butanediol me te methanol, te otinga methanol rānei. Ko ngā āhuatanga tauhohenga ka mahia i raro i te pēhanga teitei me te aroaro o te whakakorikori.
Me tūpato kia kore ai e pā ki te kiri me ngā kanohi i te wā e whakamahia ana, e rongoatia ana hoki te 1,4-butanediol glycidyl ether. Me karo i ngā pāmahana teitei me ngā pūtake ahi i te wā e whakamahia ana, e rongoatia ana hoki. Me aro nui ki te hiri o ngā ipu rokiroki hei ārai i te mimiti me te turuturu. -
Diethanolamine CAS: 111-42-2
Ko te Ethanolamine EA te hua tino nui i roto i te etanoramine, tae atu ki te monoethanolamine MEA, te diethanolamine DEA me te triethanolamine TEA. He takawaenga waro nui te Ethanolamine, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā surfactants, ngā hopi hangai, ngā tāpiringa matū hinu, ngā plasticizer kapia hangai me te rapa, ngā whakateretere, ngā kaihoko whakamomona me ngā kaihoko pahuka, tae atu ki te purenga hau, te ārai huka wai, te tā me te tae, te rongoā, ngā patu pepeke, te hanga, te ahumahi hōia me ētahi atu mara. Ko ngā hua o muri mai o te etanoramine he takawaenga matū pai nui.
Ko te Diethanolamine, e mōhiotia ana ko te bishydroxyethylamine me te 2,2′-iminobisethanol, he tioata mā, he wai kore tae rānei, he kaha te waikura. He ngāwari te wairewa ki te wai, ki te methanol, ki te etanoru, ki te acetone me te benzene. Ko tōna wairewatanga (g/100g) ki te benzene i te 25°C he 4.2, ā, ki te ether he 0.8. Ko tōna kaupapa: he horoi hau, ka taea te mimiti i ngā hau waikawa i roto i te hau, pērā i te hauhā waro, te hauwai sulfide, te hauhā whanariki, me ētahi atu. Ko te otinga "Benfield" e whakamahia ana i roto i te umanga haukini hangai he mea hanga nui mai i tēnei hua; ka whakamahia hoki mō te emulsification. Ngā kaihoko, ngā hinu whakahinuhinu, ngā shampoo, ngā whakamātotoru, me ētahi atu; ngā takawaenga hangai rauropi, e whakamahia ana hei hanga rauemi mata hopi, ngā mea tiaki me ngā matū o ia rā (pērā i ngā surfactants); te hanga morpholine.
Ka whakamahia te Diethanolamine hei rauemi mata mō ngā ārai i roto i te umanga rongoā. Ka whakamahia hei kaihoko hononga-whiti i roto i te hanga pahuka polyurethane pakari-teitei. Ka konatunatua ki te triethanolamine hei hopi horoi mō ngā piston miihini rererangi. Ka tauhohe ki ngā waikawa ngako hei hanga alkyl alkyls. Ka whakamahia hoki i roto i ngā rauemi mata hangai waro, ngā rauemi mata mō ngā surfactants me ngā ngongo hau waikawa, ka whakamahia hei whakamātotoru me te whakarerekē pahuka i roto i ngā shampoos me ngā hopi horoi māmā, hei takawaenga i roto i te umanga hangai waro, me te umanga rongoā. Hei whakarewa, he whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i te umanga horoi, te umanga whakapaipai, te ahuwhenua, te umanga hanga me te umanga whakarewa.
