N,N-Dimethylaniline

Kei te mohiotia ano ko te dimethyl tiphenylamine, he kore tae ki te kowhai kowhai te wai hinuhinu, he kakara reka, he ngawari ki te whakapouri i te rangi, i raro ranei i te ra me te whakamahi i te ze pouri. Kiato whanaunga (20 ℃ / 4 ℃) 0.9555, ira mīti 2.0 ℃, ira koropupū 193 ℃, ira rama (tuwhera) 77 ℃, ira uira 317 ℃, te pokey (25 ℃) 1.528mpa-s, taupū whakaata (n20D)41. . Wairewa i roto i te waiwaro, etere, chloroform, benzene me etahi atu whakarewa pararopi. Wairewa i roto i nga momo puhui waro. He iti te memeha ki te wai. He mura, ka tahuna mena ka tuwhera te mura. Ko te kohu me te hau ka hanga he ranunga pahū me te rohe pahū o 1.2%~7.0% (vol). He tino paitini, a ka tukuna te hau aniline paitini e te hau wera wera nui. Ka taea te ngongo i roto i te kiri, me te hanga paihana, LD501410mg/kg, ko te 5mg/m3 te nui o te kukū e whakaaetia ana ki te hau.
Tikanga rokiroki
1.Whakatupatotanga Rokiroki[25] Roopuhia ki roto i te whare pataka hauhautanga, he pai te hau. Kia matara atu i te ahi me nga puna wera. Kia hiritia te ipu. Me penapena motuhake mai i nga waikawa, nga haurua, me nga matū kai, kaua rawa e uru. Kua rite ki nga momo momo me te maha o nga taputapu patu ahi. Ko te waahi rokiroki me whakauru ki nga taputapu maimoatanga ohorere mo nga pakaru me nga taonga whakaruru tika.

2. Whakapaia te pahū rino kua hiritia, 180kg mo ia pahū, ka penapena ki te wahi matao me te hau. Whakaorangia me te kawe i runga i nga ture o nga mea ka wera me te paitini.
tikanga whakahiato
1. Ka whiwhihia e te tauhohenga i waenga i te aniline me te methanol i te aroaro o te waikawa pungatara i te pāmahana teitei me te pehanga teitei. Te rere tukanga:1. 790kg o te aniline, 625kg o te methanol, 85kg o te waikawa pungatara (ammonium 100%) ka whakauruhia ki roto i te hohenga tauhohenga, te whakahaere i te pāmahana 210-215 ℃, te pehanga 3.1MPa, te urupare mo te 4h, ka tukuna te pehanga, ka tukuna te rauemi ki te he whakawehe, kua whakakorehia e te 30% te konutai waikawa, te pateko, me te tote haukinia o raro kua wehea. Na i te 160 ℃, 0.7-0.9MPa te tauhohenga hauwai mo te 3h, nga hua waiwai me te paparanga o runga o nga mea hinuhinu ka whakakotahihia ma te horoi i muri i te whakamaaramatanga korehau o te hua kua oti.

2. Ma te whakamahi i te methanol me te aniline hei rauemi mata, ka whakahiatohia e te alumina whakakorikori i raro i te ahua o te 200-250 ℃ me te nui o te methanol me te pehanga hau. Ko te motunga kai rauemi mata: aniline 790kg/t, methanol 625kg/t, waikawa pungatara 85kg/t. Ka taea e te whakarite taiwhanga te tauhohe i te aniline me te trimethyl phosphate.

3, te aniline me te methanol i konatunatua (n aniline: n methanol ≈ 1:3), a na roto i te tauutuutu kore-pulse ine papu werohia i te 0.5h-1 tere hau ki roto i te reactor rite rawa ki te whakakōkī, te tauhohenga putanga tuatahi ki te karaihe hau-wai whakawehe, te whakawehe i raro i te wē ka kohia i ia wā ka tangohia mō te tātari chromatographic.

I te tau 2001, i whakawhanakehia e te Whare Wananga o Nankai me Tianjin Ruikai Technology Development Co., Ltd. he whakakorikori methylation aniline tino pai, me te mohio ki te whakahiato hau-waahanga o te N,N-dimethyl aniline. Ko te tukanga e whai ake nei: Ko te aniline wai ka konatunatua ki te methanol, ka whakangohu ki roto i te pourewa whakangohu, katahi ka uru ki roto i te reactor tubular me te tere o te hau o te 0.5-1.0h-1 (ko te moenga o te reactor tubular kua rite rawa ki te mitanano utaina. -solid catalyst), me te whakaputa tonu i te 250-300 ℃ i raro i te pehanga hau, me te hua DMA neke atu i te 96%.

Tikanga para: He maha nga wa kei roto i nga poke penei i te aniline me te N-methyl aniline. Ko te N,N-dimethylaniline ka memeha ki te 40% waikawa pungatara me te marewa ki te kohu wai. Ka tāpirihia te konutai waihā kia kawakore. Ka haere tonu te whakamarumaru ki te kohu wai. Ka wehea te distillate ki nga paparanga wai, ka whakamaroke ki te pāhare pāhare pāporo. Ka mahia te whakamaroke pehanga i te aroaro o te anhydride acetic. Ka horoia te distillate ki te wai hei tango i nga tohu o te acetic anhydride, ka whakamaroke ki te pāhare pāhare pāporo, ka whai i te waikura barium, ka whakamarohia i raro i te pehanga iti i te aroaro o te awa hauota. Ko etahi atu tikanga mo te whakamahine i te distillate ko te taapiri i te 10% acetic anhydride me te refluxing mo etahi haora hei tango i nga amine tuatahi me te tuarua. Whai muri i te whakamatao, ka taapirihia he 20% waikawa pūhaumāota ka tangohia me te ether. Ko te paparanga waikawa waikawa he kawakore me te kawakore ka tangohia ki te ether, ka whakamarokehia te paparanga ether ki te pāhare pāhare pāporo me te whakamaroke i raro i te pehanga iti i raro i te awa hauota. Ka taea hoki te huri i te N,N-dimethylaniline ki te tote waikawa picric, ka whakakikoruatia ki te ira whakarewa tonu, ka pirau ki te wairewa wai mahana 10% o te konutai waihā. Ka tangohia ki te ether, ka horoia, ka whakamarokehia, ka whakamarohia i raro i te pehanga iti.

5. Aniline, methanol me te waikawa pungatara i konatunatua i roto i te wahanga, te tauhohenga condensation i roto i te autoclave, nga hua tauhohenga na te whakaora i te pehanga o te methanol, te taapiri i te whakakorenga kawakore, te wehenga katahi ka whakamaarama ma te whakaheke i te pehanga kia whiwhi ai te hua.

6. Ka taea te hanga N,N-dimethylaniline e te tauhohenga methylation o te aniline me te trimethyl phosphate, ka tangohia e te ether, ka whakamarokehia, ka whakamarokehia.

7. Ka taea te whakahiato i te N,N-dimethylaniline i runga i te moenga catalytic o Ziegler catalyst i roto i te punaha parahi-konupora, i te punaha parahi-konupora-chromium ranei i te 280 ℃ me te ranunga o te aniline me te methanol i te tauwehenga o te 1: 3.5. Ko te N,N-dimethylaniline kua riro mai i kohia i te 193-195 ℃ i runga i te 54-ripa-ripa whakamarara taputapu ka whakakiia ki nga ipu karaihe parauri. Mo te whakarite o te N,N-dimethylaniline parakore, ka taea te werohia te N,N-dimethylaniline ki te hau hauota hei hau kawe ki roto i te chromatograph hau whakarite kei a ia he pou phosphate whakarewa.