Ehara te Diphenol i te hauwaiwai kakara nā te mea kei roto ngā ngota hāora, ā, he mea ahu mai i te kakara.
Ko te 2-naphthol ahumahi he naphthol kua parakoretia hei rauemi mata, me te 96-98% te waikawa whanariki sulfonation o te 2-naphthol sulfonic acid, kātahi ka whakahāngaitia ki te konutai sulfite hei whakaputa i tōna tote konutai, kātahi ka hanumi ki te konutai hauwaiwai alkali o te 2-naphthol konutai, kātahi ka whakahāngaitia ki te waikawa whanariki o ngā hua mata 2-naphthol, i muri i te kohua, te horoi, te whakamaroke, me te whakakore i te kōpeke o ngā hua 2-naphthol.
He tino kino te parahanga o tēnei tukanga, ā, he nui ake te kitea o te raruraru tiaki taiao.
I whakawhanakehia e te American cyanamine te 2-isopropylnaphthalene i roto i te tukanga whakakotahi o te acetone 2-naphthol, nā te utu o te tiaki taiao me ētahi atu take i mutu ai te hanga.
I tēnei wā, ko Haina, Īnia, Hapani, Itari me ētahi whenua o Ūropi ki te Rawhiti ngā whenua matua e whakaputa ana i te 2-naphthol o te ao.
I tīmata a Haina ki te hanga i te 2-naphthol i te tau 1957. Mai i te tekau tau atu i 1980, i te mea kua mutu te hanga a ngā whenua whakawhanake tetahi i muri i tetahi, kua noho ko Haina te kaiwhakarato matua o te 2-naphthol.
Mai i te tau 1990, kua pāngia te mākete 2-naphthol e ngā pikinga me ngā hekenga nui. I ngā tau tata nei, kua mau tonu te putanga ā-tau o te 8-100 mano tana, ā, kua mau tonu te tipu nui o te kaweake, me te kaweake o te 8,227 tana i te tau 2005, 15,924 tana i te tau 2006, me te 15,307 tana mai i Hānuere ki Oketopa 2007.
Ko te 60% o ngā takawaenga tae e whakamahia ana i Haina, 20% o ngā tāpiringa rapa, 10% o ngā tae me ngā tae whakapūmau, me te 10% o ētahi atu.
I te pikinga ake o te hiahia mō ngā tae me ngā pigments, ka piki ake anō hoki te hiahia mō te 2-naphthol.
Ko te whakapai ake i te tukanga whakaputa, te penapena pūngao me te whakaiti i te whakapaunga, te whakaiti i ngā para e toru, te whakawhanake rānei i tētahi tukanga horoi hou, kua noho hei huarahi nui mō te whanaketanga tonu me te hauora o te umanga whakaputa 2-naphthol.
Tuarua, te tono i roto i te umanga tae me te pigment
Ko ngā takawaenga tae me ngā tae ngā wāhi e whakamahia nuitia ana te 2-naphthol i Haina. Ko te take matua ko te whakaputanga o ngā takawaenga tae kua whakawhitihia puta noa i te ao. Hei tauira, ko ngā waikawa 2, 3, waikawa J, waikawa γ, waikawa R me te chromophenol AS he mea nui katoa ki te kaweake ki Haina, e neke atu ana i te haurua o te katoa o ngā hua o te motu.
Haunga te hanga tae me ngā takawaenga tae, ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te 2-naphthol hei wāhanga azo, me ngā matū diazo hei hanga waikawa tae 1,2, 3.
2, 3 ingoa pūtaiao whakakawa: waikawa 2-hydroxy-3-naphthic, ko tōna tikanga hanga ko [1]: tauhohenga 2-naphthol me te konutai hauwai, whakamarokehia te kōpeke, whiwhi 2-naphthol konutai, kātahi ka tauhohe ki te CO2 hei whiwhi 2-naphthol me te 2, 3 tote konutai, tangohia te 2-naphthol, whakakawa, whiwhi 2, 3 waikawa.
I tēnei wā, ko ngā tikanga hanga matua ko te tikanga wāhanga totoka me te tikanga whakarewa, ā, ko te tikanga whakarewa te ia whānui o te whanaketanga.
Ka hangaia ngā tae roto me ngā waikawa 2,3 hei wāhanga honohono mā te hanga i ngā wāhanga diazo hei tote diazo, kātahi ka honoa ki ngā waikawa 2,3, kātahi ka whakamahi i te konganuku kawakore, ka taea te huri i ngā tote konganuku whenua kawakore hei tae roto kore-rewa.
Ko te mārama whero te tauira matua o ngā tae roto waikawa 2,3.
Hei tauira: CI Pigment Whero 57:1, CI Pigment Whero 48:1, me ētahi atu.
E whakamahia whānuitia ana ngā waikawa 2, 3 i roto i te hanga i ngā raupapa chromophenol o ngā tae i taehia ki te hukapapa. I roto i te Tāurangi Tae o te tau 1992, e 28 ngā chromophenol i hangaia mā te whakamahi i ngā waikawa 2, 3.
Ko te raupapa tae phenol AS o ngā wāhanga honohono o te tae azo, ko ngā tikanga hanga o tēnei momo peita he mea hanga mai i te wāhanga diazo tote diazonium tuatahi, ā, ko te tae o te hononga phenol AS he raupapa o ngā mea whakawhiti, pērā i te AS kei roto i ngā wāhanga diazo he mowhiti kakara alkyl, halogen, nitrocellulose, ngā rōpū alkoxy, pērā i te AS ko te tae noa i puta mai i te tauhohenga o te phenol AS he raupapa o te tae azo mō ngā wāhanga hono.
Hei tauira, kei roto hoki i te mowhiti kakara o ngā wāhanga diazo ngā rōpū waikawa sulfonic, me ngā momo chromophenol AS, ā, ka taea te huri i te tote o ngā konganuku alkali me te whenua alkali hei tae roto kore-rewa.
Kua tata ki te 20 tau a MIT-Ivy INDUSTRY e mahi ana i ngā tae me ngā takawaenga rongoā, he tino parakore me te utu tika, he mea e tino whakanuia ana e ngā kaiwhakamahi tae i te kāinga me tāwāhi. Hei mihi ki te tini o ngā kaiwhakamahi mō tō rātou aroha, ka taea te tuku tauira o tā mātou kamupene ki ngā kaiwhakamahi mō te whakamātautau kore utu, nau mai haere mai ngā kaiwhakamahi mai i ngā porowhita katoa o te hapori ki te haere mai ki te matapaki i te mahi tahi!
Ātene
Kamupene ahumahi Mit-ivy
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