Ahakoa he rokiroki pūngao ā-wā, he kupu whakaari nui rānei mō te rererangi kore-tukunga, kua roa te whakaaro ko te hauwai he ara hangarau tino nui ki te kore waro. I taua wā anō, he taonga nui kē te hauwai mō te umanga matū, koinei te kaiwhakamahi hauwai nui rawa atu i Tiamana i tēnei wā. I te tau 2021, i pau i ngā tipu matū Tiamana te 1.1 miriona tana o te hauwai, he rite ki te 37 terawatt hāora o te pūngao, ā, tata ki te rua hautoru o te hauwai e whakamahia ana i Tiamana.

E ai ki tētahi rangahau a te Rōpū Mahi Hauwai Tiamana, tera pea ka piki ake te hiahia mō te hauwai i roto i te umanga matū ki te neke atu i te 220 TWH i mua i te whakatutukitanga o te whāinga kore waro kua whakatūria i te tau 2045. Ko te rōpū rangahau, he tohunga nō te Society for Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology (DECHEMA) me te National Academy of Science and Engineering (acatech), i tukuna ki te hoahoa i tētahi mahere mahi mō te hanga i tētahi ōhanga hauwai kia taea ai e ngā pakihi, ngā kaiwhakahaere, me ngā kaiwhakaari tōrangapū te mārama ngātahi ki ngā tūmanakohanga pea o tētahi ōhanga hauwai ā muri ake nei me ngā mahi e hiahiatia ana hei waihanga i tētahi. Kua whiwhi te kaupapa i tētahi tahua tautoko o te €4.25 miriona mai i te tahua a te Manatū Mātauranga me te Rangahau Tiamana me te Manatū Take Ōhanga me te Mahi Āhuarangi Tiamana. Ko tētahi o ngā wāhanga e hipokina ana e te kaupapa ko te umanga matū (haunga ngā whare whakapai hinu), e tuku ana i te 112 tāne metara o te hauhā waro rite ia tau. Koia te 15 ōrau o ngā tukunga katoa o Tiamana, ahakoa ko te rāngai he 7 ōrau noa iho o te whakapaunga pūngao katoa.

Ko te āhua nei kāore i te ōrite te whakamahinga o te pūngao me ngā tukunga i roto i te rāngai matū nā te whakamahinga a te umanga i ngā wahie pūmua hei rauemi taketake. Ehara i te mea ko te waro, te hinu, me te hau māori anake te mea e whakamahia ana e te umanga matū hei pūtake pūngao, engari ka wehewehea hoki ēnei rauemi hei rauemi whāngai ki ngā huānga, ko te waro me te hauwai te nuinga, kia honoa anō hei whakaputa hua matū. Koinei te huarahi e whakaputa ai te umanga i ngā rauemi taketake pēnei i te haukini me te methanol, ka tukatukahia anō hei kirihou me ngā kapia horihori, hei tongi me hei peita, hei hua akuaku whaiaro, hei kai horoi me hei rongoā. Kei roto i ēnei hua katoa ngā wahie pūmua, ā, ko ētahi he mea hanga katoa mai i ngā wahie pūmua, ko te haurua o ngā tukunga o te umanga ko te tahu, te kai rānei i ngā hau kati kōtuhi, ko te haurua i ahu mai i te tukanga hurihanga.

Ko te hauwai matomato te kī ki tētahi umanga matū pumau

Nō reira, ahakoa i ahu mai te pūngao o te umanga matū i ngā pūtake tauwhiro, ka haurua noa iho ngā tukunga. Ka taea e te umanga matū te neke atu i te haurua o ana tukunga mā te huri mai i te hauwai pūmua (hina) ki te hauwai tauwhiro (kakariki). Tae noa ki tēnei wā, kua hangaia te hauwai mai i ngā wahie pūmua. Ko Tiamana, e whiwhi ana i te 5% o tana hauwai mai i ngā pūtake whakahou, he kaiārahi o te ao. I te tau 2045/2050, ka piki ake te hiahia hauwai o Tiamana neke atu i te ono ngā wā ki te neke atu i te 220 TWH. Ko te hiahia nui ka eke ki te 283 TWH, he rite ki te 7.5 ngā wā o te whakamahinga o nāianei.