Kua pāngia kē a Turkey e te hinganga o te moni me te pikinga utu i ngā tau e rua kua pahure ake nei.

I te tau 2020, i pā mai tētahi atu mate urutā ki Turkey, ā, ka panaia rātou ki roto i tētahi raruraru ōhanga mutunga kore. Kei te hinga te moni o Turkey, te lira, i tētahi tere rekoata, ā, kei te tino heke te uara o āna rahui moni ke.
I tēnei wā, kua whakatūria e Turkey tētahi rākau nui e kīia nei ko te "tiakitanga hokohoko".

te hokinga whakamuri

Kua roa te ōhanga o Turkey e pāngia ana e te hinganga ohaoha mai i te haurua tuarua o te tau 2018, ā, kāore e warewaretia te karauna hou i te tau 2020 ka kino rawa atu ai tōna ōhanga ngoikore.

I te marama o Hepetema 2020, i whakahekehia e Moody's te whakatauranga nama motuhake o Turkey mai i te B1 ki te B2 (he para e rua), me te kī he mōrearea kei te taurite o ngā utu, he wero hanganga ki te ōhanga, me ngā mirumiru pūtea nā te hekenga o ngā rahui moni ke o te whenua.

I te hauwhā tuatoru o te tau 2020, i whakaatu te ōhanga o Turkey i tētahi ia o te whakaoranga. Heoi, e ai ki ngā raraunga hou mai i te Tari Tatauranga o Turkey (TUIK), i piki ake te taupū utu kaihoko i Turkey i te Hakihea 2020 mā te 1.25% mai i Noema me te 14.6% mai i te wā kotahi i te tau 2019.

Ko ngā taonga me ngā ratonga rerekē, te kawe waka, te kai me ngā inu kore-waipiro i kite i te pikinga utu nui rawa atu, arā, 28.12%, 21.12% me te 20.61%, ia, ki te whakaritea ki te wā ōrite o te tau 2019.
Kua horapa haere i runga i te Twitter tētahi whakaahua o tētahi tāne Turkish e tuturi ana, e tuku ana i tētahi peere hinu tunu kai ki tana ipo, kaua ki tētahi mowhiti taumau.

He pakari te perehitini o Turkey, a Recep Tayyip Erdogan, ki ngā kaupapa here ki tāwāhi, engari he ngoikore ki te ōhanga o roto.

I waenganui o Hakihea, i pānuitia e Erdogan ngā kaupapa whakaora hei āwhina i ngā pakihi iti me te rahi-waenga me ngā kaihokohoko kia ora ai rātou i roto i ngā marama e toru e whai ake nei. Engari e ai ki ngā kaipūtaiao ōhanga kua roa rawa ngā mahi whakaora, ā, he iti rawa hoki hei āwhina i te ōhanga o Turkey kua pakaru.

E ai ki tētahi pūrongo Metropoll tata nei, e 25 ōrau o ngā kaiwhakautu Turkish e kī ana kāore e taea e rātou te uru atu ki ngā matea taketake. I heke te wairua ōhanga ki te 86.4 ngā tohu i te marama o Tīhema mai i te 89.5 ngā tohu i te marama o Noema, e ai ki te tari tatauranga o Turkey. Ko tētahi kaute i raro iho i te 100 e whakaatu ana i te wairua pouri o te hapori.

Ināianei kua tuku a Erdogan, i ngaro nei te tautoko a tōna hoa a Trump, i tētahi manga oriwa ki te Kotahitanga o Europi, me te tuhituhi ki te Perehitini Wīwī a Emmanuel Macron me te whakarite i tētahi hui ataata me te tumanako ka āta whakatikahia ngā whanaungatanga ki te poraka.

Heoi, e ai ki tētahi pūrongo hou nā Al Jazeera, kei te puta te "riri ā-iwi" i Turkey, ā, kei te whakamahere ngā rōpū whakahē i tētahi "coup d 'etat" me te karanga kia wawe ngā pōtitanga perehitini me ngā pōtitanga pāremata i raro i te whakapae mō te kino haere o te āhua ōhanga i Turkey. Kua whakatūpato te Pirimia o mua o Turkey, a Ahmet Davutoglu, tera pea ka kore e pumau te tūranga o te Perehitini Recep Tayyip Erdogan whai muri i ētahi tūmomo whakawehi me ngā nganatanga ki te whakaoho i tētahi tukituki, ā, tera pea ka tūpono te whenua ki tētahi atu tukitukitanga hōia.

Whai muri i te hinganga o te hurihanga hōia i te 15 o Hūrae, 2016, i tukuna ai ngā tāke ki ngā tiriti, ka mahi a Erdogan i tētahi mahi whakatau, ā, ka "whakakorea" te ope taua.

Te hinganga o te moni

Me whai ingoa te lira Turkish i roto i ngā moni tino kino rawa atu o te ao i te tau 2020 — mai i te 5.94 ki te tāra i te tīmatanga o te tau ki te 7.5 i te marama o Tīhema, he hinganga 25 ōrau mō te tau, koia te mākete putaiao kino rawa atu i muri i a Brazil. I te tīmatanga o Noema 2020, i heke te uara o te lira Turkish ki te iti rawa o te 8.5 lira ki te tāra.

Ko te waru o ngā tau karapīpiti tēnei kua hinga te lira, ā, ko te nuinga o ngā hekenga ā-tau neke atu i te 10%. I te 2 o Hānuere, 2012, i hokohoko te lira i te 1.8944 ki te tāra US; Engari i te 31 o Tīhema, 2020, kua hinga te reiti whakawhiti o te lira ki te tāra US ki te 7.4392, he hekenga neke atu i te 300% i roto i ngā tau e waru.

Me mōhio tātou e mahi ana i ngā mahi hokohoko ki tāwāhi, ina heke te uara o te moni o tētahi whenua, ka piki ake te utu o ngā kawemai. He uaua ki te kī ka taea tonu e ngā kai kawemai o Turkey te tu atu i te hinganga o te lira Turkish. I raro i ēnei āhuatanga, ka whiriwhiri pea ētahi kaihokohoko Turkish ki te whakamutu i te hokohoko, ki te whakamutu rānei i ngā utu toenga me te kore e whakaae ki ngā taonga.

Hei wawao i ngā mākete moni, kua tata pau katoa ngā rahui moni o tāwāhi ki Turkey. Engari nā te mea, kei te heke tonu te uara o te lira, me te iti o ngā pānga mahi.

I te aroaro o te raruraru moni, kua karanga te Perehitini o Turkey, a Recep Tayyip Erdogan, kia hoko te iwi i te lira hei whakarewa i tētahi "pakanga ā-motu" ki ngā "hoariri ōhanga." "Mēnā he tāra, he ūropi, he koura rānei kei raro i ō rātou urunga, haere ki te peeke ka whakawhiti mō te lira Turkish. He pakanga ā-motu tēnei," te kī a Erdogan. "E kore mātou e hinga i te pakanga ōhanga."

Engari koinei te wā e hoko ana te tangata i te koura hei ārai i te kino - kei te hoko nui ngā Turkey i te koura i te tere rekoata. Ahakoa kua hinga te koura mō ngā marama e toru karapīpiti, kei te piki tonu i te 19% mai i te tau 2020.
Te tiakitanga hokohoko

Nō reira, i te mea he raruraru i te kāinga, ā, i whakaekea hoki a Turkey ki tāwāhi, ka whakaarahia e rātou te rākau nui o te "tiakitanga hokohoko".

Kua tīmata noa te tau 2021, ā, kua whakakorea kētia e Turkey ētahi kēhi:

Ina hoki, he whenua a Turkey kua tīmata i ngā rangahautanga rongoā hokohoko maha ki ngā hua Haina i mua. I te tau 2020, ka haere tonu a Turkey ki te tīmata i ngā rangahautanga me te whakatakoto i ngā taripa ki runga i ētahi hua.

He mea nui rawa atu kia mōhiotia ko ngā whakaritenga o ngā tikanga Turkish he mahi whakamiharo, i muri i te whakahokinga o ngā taonga ki te tauranga mēnā ka whakahokia ki te kaiwhiwhi i whakaaetia i roto i te tuhituhi me te whakaatu "kāore i pai ki te whiwhi whakamōhiotanga", i muri i te tukunga o ngā taonga ki ngā tauranga Turkish hei rawa, Turkey mō te tauranga roa, te tango taonga kore tangata rānei, ka kore te tikanga e tukatukahia e te rangatira, kei a ia te mana ki te hokohoko i ngā taonga, ko te kaikawemai mō te kaihoko tuatahi i tēnei wā.

Kua maha ngā tau e whakamahia ana ētahi o ngā tikanga tuku iho a Turkey e ngā kaihoko o roto kāore i te pai, ā, ki te kore ngā kaihokohoko e tūpato, ka noho noa iho rātou i roto i te tūranga mangere.
Nō reira, kia tino aro atu ki te haumarutanga o te utu mō te kaweake tata nei ki Turkey!