Te whakatika raraunga ā-tinana

1. Āhuatanga: he mā ki te whero ngā tioata pakarukaru, he pouri ake te tae ina rongoatia ki te hau mō te wā roa.

2. Te mātotorutanga (g/mL, 20/4℃): 1.181.

3. Te mātotorutanga ōrite (20℃, 4℃): 1.25. 4.

Te pūwāhi rewa（ºC）：122~123. 5.

Te pūwāhi koropupū（ºC，i te pēhanga hau）：285~286. 6.

6. pūwāhi mura (ºC): 153. 7. wairewatanga: kore e wairewa.

Wairewatanga: kāore e wairewa i te wai matao, ka wairewa i te wai wera, te etanoru, te etera, te kōroporuma, te penehene, te kareihana me te rai [1].

Whakatika raraunga

1, Taupū whakaata molar: 45.97

2. Te rōrahi molar (cm3/mol): 121.9

3, rōrahi motuhake isotonic (90.2K): 326.1

4, Te taumahatanga o te mata (3.0 dyne/cm): 51.0

5、 Ōwehenga whakapolarisasi (0.5 10-24cm3): 18.22 [1]

Te taiao me te pumau

whakatika

1. He rite te paitini ki te phenol, ā, he kaha ake te waikura. He tino whakapataritari ki te kiri. He ngāwari te mimiti mā te kiri. He paitini ki te rere o te toto me ngā whatukuhu. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e ia te kino ki te kornea. Ahakoa kāore i te mōhiotia te nui o te mate, kua puta ngā mate i te paninga o te 3 ki te 4g. Me hiritia ngā taputapu whakaputa, ā, me horoi wawe atu mēnā ka tau ki te kiri. Me whakapūhautia ngā awheawhe, ā, me ārai te hau o ngā taputapu. Me mau ngā kaiwhakahaere i ngā taputapu tiaki.

2. Ka mura, ka pōuri haere te tae ina roa te rokiroki, ka pumau i te rangi, engari ina pā ki te rā ka pōuri haere. Ka whakangawaritia mā te whakamahana, ka puta he kakara phenol whakarihariha.

3. kei roto i te hau para. 4.

4. ka huri te wairewa ki te kakariki me te konupora konukōre [1].

Tikanga rokiroki

whakatika

1. Kua whakarārangihia ki ngā pēke kirihou, ki ngā pēke whatu rānei, ko te taumaha kupenga he 50kg, he 60kg rānei mō ia pēke.

2. Me ātete ahi, ātete makuku, ātete hoki te rokiroki me te kawe. Me rongoa ki te wāhi maroke, hauhautanga. Me rongoa me te kawe kia rite ki ngā ture mō ngā rauemi mura me ngā mea paitini.

Tikanga hangai

whakatika

1. He mea hanga mai i te naphthalene mā te sulfonation me te alkali rewa. He tikanga whakaputa whānuitia te sulfonation alkali rewa i te kāinga me tāwāhi, engari he nui te waikura, he nui te utu, ā, he nui te whakamahinga hāora koiora o te wai para. Ko te tikanga 2-isopropylnaphthalene i whakawhanakehia e te American Cyanamid Company e whakamahi ana i te naphthalene me te propylene hei rauemi mata, ā, ka puta he 2-naphthol me ngā hua taha acetone i te wā kotahi, he rite ki te take o te phenol mā te tikanga isopropylbenzene. Ko te rahinga whakamahinga rauemi mata: 1170kg/t naphthalene pai, 1080kg/t waikawa whanariki, 700kg/t houra caustic totoka.

2. Whakamahanahia te naphthalene parakore kua rewa ki te 140℃, ko te ōwehenga o te naphthalene:waikawa whanariki = 1:1.085 (ōwehenga molar), te waikawa whanariki o te 98% i roto i te 20 meneti, me te waikawa whanariki o te 98% i roto i te 20 meneti.

Ka mutu te tauhohenga ina eke te ihirangi o te waikawa 2-naphthalenesulfonic ki runga ake i te 66%, ā, ko te waikawa katoa he 25%-27%, kātahi ka whakahaerehia te tauhohenga waikura i te 160℃ mō te 1 hāora, ka pupuhihia ngā naphthalene kore utu e te kohu wai i te 140-150℃, kātahi ka tāpirihia mārire, kia ōrite hoki te mātotoru whanaunga o te 1.14 naphthalene i te 80-90℃ i mua i te wā. Ka whakakorengia te otinga konutai whanariki kia kore ra ano te pepa whakamātautau whero o Congo e huri kikorangi. I te wā tika, ka puta te hau whanariki hauhā i te wā tika, ka tangohia te mamaoa, ka whakamataohia ngā hua whakakorekore ki ngā tioata whakamatao 35 ~ 40 ℃, ka ngotehia ngā tioata mai i te tātari ki te 10% wai tote, ka whakamarokehia, ka tāpirihia ki te āhua rewa o te 98% konutai hauwai i te 300 ~ 310 ℃, ka whakaohokia, ka pupuri i te 320 ~ 330 ℃, kia honoa te turanga konutai 2-naphthalene sulfonate ki te 2-naphthol konutai, kātahi ka whakamahia te wai wera hei whakawaiwai i te turanga rewa, kātahi ka tukuna ki te wai wera. Ka whakakorea te hauhā whanariki i puta mai i te tauhohenga, ka waikawahia te tauhohenga i te 70 ~ 80 ℃ kia kore ra ano te tae o te phenolphthalein. Ka whakatakotoria ngā hua waikawa kia pūmau, ka whakamahanahia te paparanga o runga o te wai kia koropupū, kia pūmau, ka wehea kia rua ngā paparanga wai, ka whakamahanahia te hua mata o te 2-naphthol kia maroke, kātahi ka whakamātaohia kia kore e taea te whakamahi hei hua parakore.

3. Te tikanga tango me te whakatioata hei tango i te 1-naphthol i roto i te 2-naphthol. Whakaranua te 2-naphthol me te wai i tētahi ōwehenga ka whakamahana ki te 95℃, ina rewa te 2-naphthol, whakaohokia te ranunga kia kaha ka whakaheke i te pāmahana ki te 85℃, whakamataohia te hua paru kua whakatioata ki te pāmahana rūma ka tātarihia. Ka taea te whai i te ihirangi o te 1-naphthol mā te tātari parakore. 4.

Ka puta mai i te waikawa 2-naphthalenesulfonic mā te whakarewa kawakore [2].

Tikanga rokiroki

whakatika

1. Kua whakarārangihia ki ngā pēke kirihou, ki ngā pēke whatu rānei, ko te taumaha kupenga he 50kg, he 60kg rānei mō ia pēke.

2. Me ātete ahi, ātete makuku, ātete hoki te rokiroki me te kawe. Me rongoa ki te wāhi maroke, hauhautanga. Me rongoa me te kawe kia rite ki ngā ture mō ngā rauemi mura me ngā mea paitini.

Whakamahia

whakatika

1. Ngā rauemi mata waro nui me ngā takawaenga tae, e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanga waikawa tartaric, waikawa butyric, waikawa β-naphthol-3-carboxylic, ā, e whakamahia ana hoki i roto i te hanga o te antioxidant butyl, antioxidant DNP me ētahi atu antioxidants, ngā tae waro me ngā harore.

2. Whakamahia hei matū hei whakatau i te sulfonamide me ngā amine kakara mā te chromatography paparanga angiangi. Ka whakamahia hoki mō te hanga matū waro.

3. E whakamahia ana hei whakapai ake i te pōraitanga katote, hei whakapai ake i te whakatiotanga me te whakaiti i te rahi o ngā pūwero i roto i te whakakikorua tine waikawa. Nā te āhua waikore o tēnei hua, ka nui rawa te ihirangi ka puta te whakapūpūtanga o te gelatin me te maturuturu, ka hua ake he rārangi i roto i te whakakikorua.

4. E whakamahia ana i te nuinga o te wā i roto i te hanga o te karaka waikawa Z, te karaka waikawa II, te mangu waikawa ATT, te mangu waikawa T, te mangu waikawa A, te mangu waikawa R, te matatini waikawa māwhero B, te matatini waikawa whero parauri BRRW, te matatini waikawa WAN mangu, te tae phenol AS, te tae phenol AS-D, te tae phenol AS-OL, te tae phenol AS-SW, te karaka kanapa kaha X-GN, te karaka kanapa kaha K-GN, te whero kaha K-1613, te whero kaha K-1613, te karaka kanapa kaha X-GN, te karaka kanapa kaha K-GN. Papura Korekore BL, Pango Korekore BGL, Kikorangi Parahi Tote Tika 2R, Kikorangi Ātete Rā Tika B2PL, Kikorangi Tika RG, Kikorangi Tika RW me ētahi atu tae [2].

NGĀ MŌHIO MŌ TE KIRIMANA